Relief from PMS and PMDD symptoms

Understanding PMS and PMDD

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) are conditions that affect many women in the luteal phase — the second half of the menstrual cycle, which begins after ovulation and ends with the start of menstruation.

PMS refers to the physical and emotional symptoms that develop in the weeks before a period and usually disappear once bleeding begins.

PMDD is a more severe form of PMS marked by intense emotional and psychological symptoms — such as severe mood swings, depression, anxiety, and irritability — that can seriously disrupt daily life and relationships. Unlike PMS, PMDD symptoms are often disabling, lasting one to two weeks before a period and resolving shortly after menstruation begins.

Common symptoms of PMS and PMDD include:

• Mood changes — mood swings, irritability, anxiety, depression, and poor concentration
• Physical symptoms — bloating, breast tenderness, headaches, cramps, acne, fatigue, weight gain, and fluid retention
• Behavioural changes — appetite shifts, food cravings, sleep disturbances, and clumsiness
• Fatigue and insomnia
• Depressive symptoms

Possible causes

While the exact causes aren’t fully understood, several factors are believed to contribute to PMS and PMDD:

• Hormonal fluctuations: Changes in oestrogen and progesterone levels during the menstrual cycle can trigger symptoms.
• Brain chemistry: These hormonal shifts may also affect serotonin, a key brain chemical that regulates mood, sleep, and appetite.
• Genetics: PMS and PMDD often run in families, suggesting a hereditary link.
• Stress and lifestyle: Ongoing stress, poor diet, lack of exercise, and inadequate sleep may increase susceptibility.

Individual care

Dr Morrow can work with you to identify the underlying causes of your symptoms and create a management plan tailored to your body and lifestyle. This may involve assessing genetic, hormonal, environmental, and lifestyle factors to help achieve a more balanced cycle.